INTESTINE(GROSS)
70. small intestine lengthens approximately:
a. 8 meters
b. 6.5 meters
c. 1.5 meters
d. 5 meters
ANSWER: B
NOTE: The average length of the mesentery from its root to the intestinal border is 20 cm.
71. which of the following regarding Proper mesentery is false:
a. it attaches the jejunum and ileum to the anterior abdominal wall
b. it attaches the jejunum and ileum to the posterior abdominal wall
c. It extends from the duodenojejunal junction on the left side of L2 vertebra
d. it has root and intestinal border with a distance of 6m between
ANSWER: A
NOTE: The origin or root of the mesentery (approximately 15 cm long) is directed obliquely, inferiorly, and to the right.
72. which is not a contents of Proper mesentery:
a. the superior mesenteric vessels
b. lymph nodes
c. celiac trunk
d. autonomic nerves
ANSWER: C
NOTE: the superior mesenteric vessels, lymph nodes, a variable amount of fat, and autonomic nerves.
73. Which of the following is NOT a region of the duodenum:
a. Superior
b. Inferior
c. Descending
d. vertical
e. Ascending
ANSWER: D
NOTE: The duodenum is divisible into four parts, Superior (first) part: short (approximately 5 cm) and lies anterolateral to the body of the L1 vertebra. Descending (second) part: longer (7-10 cm) and descends along the right sides of the L1-L3 vertebrae. Inferior (third) part: 6-8 cm long and crosses the L3 vertebra. Ascending (fourth) part: short (5 cm) and begins at the left of the L3 vertebra and rises superiorly as far as the superior border of the L2 vertebra
74. The hepatoduodenal ligament connects the duodenum to the:
a. Diaphragm
b. Lesser omentum
c. Pancreas
d. Spleen
ANSWER: B
NOTE: Most of the duodenum is fixed by peritoneum to structures on the posterior abdominal wall and is considered partially retroperitoneal.
75. Which part of deudenum lies retroperitoneal:
a. Superior
b. Inferior
c. Descending
d. Ascending
ANSWER: C
NOTE: The descending part of the duodenum is entirely retroperitoneal.
76. The duodenal suspensory ligament (Ligament of Treitz) connects the duodenum to the:
a. Diaphragm
b. Liver
c. Pancreas
d. Spleen
ANSWER: A
NOTE; suspensory muscle of the duodenum (ligament of Treitz) is composed of a slip of skeletal muscle from the diaphragm and a fibromuscular band of smooth muscle from the third and fourth parts of the duodenum.
77. The bile duct passes down between the deudenum and:
a. neck of pancreas
b. body of pancreas
c. haed of pancreas
d. uncinate process of pancreas
ANSWER: C
NOTE: The bile and main pancreatic ducts enter its posteromedial wall.
78. Anteriorly, first part of deudenum is related to the following Except:
a. gall bladder
b. kidney
c. liver
ANSWER: B
NOTE: The superior part of the duodenum ascends from the pylorus and is overlapped by the liver and gallbladder.
79. Anteriorly, Second part of deudenum is related to the following Except:
a. gallbladder
b. transverse colon
c. transverse mesocolon
d. liver
ANSWER: A
NOTE: The anterior surface of its proximal and distal thirds is covered with peritoneum; however, the peritoneum reflects from its middle third to form the double-layered mesentery of the transverse colon, the transverse mesocolon.
80. Anteriorly, third part of deudenum is related to the following Except:
a. transverse colon
b. jejunum
c. superior medenteric vessels
d. sigmoid colon
ANSWER: D
NOTE: It is crossed by the superior mesenteric artery and vein and the root of the mesentery of the jejunum and ileum.
81. POSTERIORLY, fourth part of deudenum is related to the following Except:
a. abdominal aorta
b. transverse colon
c. inferior mesenteric vessels
d. ovarian vessels
ANSWER: B
NOTE: Posteriorly it is separated from the vertebral column by the right psoas major, IVC, aorta, and the right testicular or ovarian vessels.
82. Compared with the jejunum, there are ____ plicae circulares in the ileum and the wall is ____ in the ileum.
a) More; Thinner
b) More; Thicker
c) Less; Thinner
d) Less; Thicker
ANSWER: C
NOTE: Most of the jejunum lies in the left upper quadrant (LUQ) of the infracolic compartment, whereas most of the ileum lies in the right lower quadrant (RLQ).
83. large intestine lengthens approximately:
a. 8 meters
b. 6.5 meters
c. 1.5 meters
d. 5 meters
ANSWER: C
NOTE: The large intestine consists of the cecum; appendix; ascending, transverse, descending, and sigmoid colon; rectum; and anal canal.
84. Compared with the small intestine, there are ____ Taeniae coli in the large intestine and the lumen is ____ in the large intestine
a. More; small
b. More; large
c. Less; small
d. Less; large
ANSWER: C
NOTE: The teniae run the length of the large intestine, abruptly broadening and merging with each other again at the rectosigmoid junction into a continuous longitudinal layer around the rectum.
85. The taenia coli are in the large intestine and consist of ____ bands of smooth muscle arranged in distinct strips.
a. 7
b. 4
c. 5
d. 3
ANSWER: D
NOTE: The teniae coli (thickened bands of smooth muscle representing most of the longitudinal coat) begin at the base of the appendix as the thick longitudinal layer of the appendix separates into three bands.
86. Pouches in the intestinal wall that give the intestine a segmental appearance are called:
a. Taeniae coli
b. Epiploic appendages
c. McBurney’s points
d. Haustra
ANSWER: D
NOTE: Haustra is sacculations of the wall of the colon between the teniae
87. ceacum is supplied by:
a.Branch of ileocolic artery
b. right colic artery
c. branches from appendicular artery
d.middle colic artery
e. none of the above
ANSWER: A
NOTE: The arterial supply of the cecum is from the ileocolic artery, the terminal branch of the SMA.
88. which of the following regarding appendix is false:
a. its 6-10 cm in length
b. It arises from the posteromedial aspect of the cecum
c. appendicular artery, supplies it
d. none
ANSWER: D
NOTE: It arises from the posteromedial aspect of the cecum inferior to the ileocecal junction.
89. . POSTERIORLY, caecum is related to the following Except:
a. posteriorly abdominal wall
b. femoral nerve
c. greater omentum
d. lateral cutaneous nerve
ANSWER: C
NOTE: cecum usually lies within 2.5 cm of the inguinal ligament, is almost entirely enveloped by peritoneum.
90. the taeniae coli in ascending and desending colon may lie:
a. anterior, anteromedial, and anterolateral
b. anterior, posteromedial, and posterolateral
c. posterior, anteromedial, and and anterolateral
d. none
ANSWER: B
NOTE: in the transverse colon, the position of taeniae coli are posterior, superior, and anterior.
91. ascending colon may lie on the following nerve,Except:
a. renal nerve
b. illioinguinal nerve
c. iliohypogastric nerve
d. lateral cutaneous nerve of thigh
ANSWER: A
NOTE: The ascending colon is separated from the anterolateral abdominal wall by the greater omentum.
92. which of the following regarding TRANSVERSE COLON is false:
a. most mobile part of the large intestine
b. posterior to liver and fundus of gallbladder
c. attaches to the diaphragm through the phrenicocolic ligament
d. all of the above
ANSWER: D
NOTE: It crosses the abdomen from the right colic flexure to the left colic flexure, where it turns inferiorly to become the descending colon.
70. small intestine lengthens approximately:
a. 8 meters
b. 6.5 meters
c. 1.5 meters
d. 5 meters
ANSWER: B
NOTE: The average length of the mesentery from its root to the intestinal border is 20 cm.
71. which of the following regarding Proper mesentery is false:
a. it attaches the jejunum and ileum to the anterior abdominal wall
b. it attaches the jejunum and ileum to the posterior abdominal wall
c. It extends from the duodenojejunal junction on the left side of L2 vertebra
d. it has root and intestinal border with a distance of 6m between
ANSWER: A
NOTE: The origin or root of the mesentery (approximately 15 cm long) is directed obliquely, inferiorly, and to the right.
72. which is not a contents of Proper mesentery:
a. the superior mesenteric vessels
b. lymph nodes
c. celiac trunk
d. autonomic nerves
ANSWER: C
NOTE: the superior mesenteric vessels, lymph nodes, a variable amount of fat, and autonomic nerves.
73. Which of the following is NOT a region of the duodenum:
a. Superior
b. Inferior
c. Descending
d. vertical
e. Ascending
ANSWER: D
NOTE: The duodenum is divisible into four parts, Superior (first) part: short (approximately 5 cm) and lies anterolateral to the body of the L1 vertebra. Descending (second) part: longer (7-10 cm) and descends along the right sides of the L1-L3 vertebrae. Inferior (third) part: 6-8 cm long and crosses the L3 vertebra. Ascending (fourth) part: short (5 cm) and begins at the left of the L3 vertebra and rises superiorly as far as the superior border of the L2 vertebra
74. The hepatoduodenal ligament connects the duodenum to the:
a. Diaphragm
b. Lesser omentum
c. Pancreas
d. Spleen
ANSWER: B
NOTE: Most of the duodenum is fixed by peritoneum to structures on the posterior abdominal wall and is considered partially retroperitoneal.
75. Which part of deudenum lies retroperitoneal:
a. Superior
b. Inferior
c. Descending
d. Ascending
ANSWER: C
NOTE: The descending part of the duodenum is entirely retroperitoneal.
76. The duodenal suspensory ligament (Ligament of Treitz) connects the duodenum to the:
a. Diaphragm
b. Liver
c. Pancreas
d. Spleen
ANSWER: A
NOTE; suspensory muscle of the duodenum (ligament of Treitz) is composed of a slip of skeletal muscle from the diaphragm and a fibromuscular band of smooth muscle from the third and fourth parts of the duodenum.
77. The bile duct passes down between the deudenum and:
a. neck of pancreas
b. body of pancreas
c. haed of pancreas
d. uncinate process of pancreas
ANSWER: C
NOTE: The bile and main pancreatic ducts enter its posteromedial wall.
78. Anteriorly, first part of deudenum is related to the following Except:
a. gall bladder
b. kidney
c. liver
ANSWER: B
NOTE: The superior part of the duodenum ascends from the pylorus and is overlapped by the liver and gallbladder.
79. Anteriorly, Second part of deudenum is related to the following Except:
a. gallbladder
b. transverse colon
c. transverse mesocolon
d. liver
ANSWER: A
NOTE: The anterior surface of its proximal and distal thirds is covered with peritoneum; however, the peritoneum reflects from its middle third to form the double-layered mesentery of the transverse colon, the transverse mesocolon.
80. Anteriorly, third part of deudenum is related to the following Except:
a. transverse colon
b. jejunum
c. superior medenteric vessels
d. sigmoid colon
ANSWER: D
NOTE: It is crossed by the superior mesenteric artery and vein and the root of the mesentery of the jejunum and ileum.
81. POSTERIORLY, fourth part of deudenum is related to the following Except:
a. abdominal aorta
b. transverse colon
c. inferior mesenteric vessels
d. ovarian vessels
ANSWER: B
NOTE: Posteriorly it is separated from the vertebral column by the right psoas major, IVC, aorta, and the right testicular or ovarian vessels.
82. Compared with the jejunum, there are ____ plicae circulares in the ileum and the wall is ____ in the ileum.
a) More; Thinner
b) More; Thicker
c) Less; Thinner
d) Less; Thicker
ANSWER: C
NOTE: Most of the jejunum lies in the left upper quadrant (LUQ) of the infracolic compartment, whereas most of the ileum lies in the right lower quadrant (RLQ).
83. large intestine lengthens approximately:
a. 8 meters
b. 6.5 meters
c. 1.5 meters
d. 5 meters
ANSWER: C
NOTE: The large intestine consists of the cecum; appendix; ascending, transverse, descending, and sigmoid colon; rectum; and anal canal.
84. Compared with the small intestine, there are ____ Taeniae coli in the large intestine and the lumen is ____ in the large intestine
a. More; small
b. More; large
c. Less; small
d. Less; large
ANSWER: C
NOTE: The teniae run the length of the large intestine, abruptly broadening and merging with each other again at the rectosigmoid junction into a continuous longitudinal layer around the rectum.
85. The taenia coli are in the large intestine and consist of ____ bands of smooth muscle arranged in distinct strips.
a. 7
b. 4
c. 5
d. 3
ANSWER: D
NOTE: The teniae coli (thickened bands of smooth muscle representing most of the longitudinal coat) begin at the base of the appendix as the thick longitudinal layer of the appendix separates into three bands.
86. Pouches in the intestinal wall that give the intestine a segmental appearance are called:
a. Taeniae coli
b. Epiploic appendages
c. McBurney’s points
d. Haustra
ANSWER: D
NOTE: Haustra is sacculations of the wall of the colon between the teniae
87. ceacum is supplied by:
a.Branch of ileocolic artery
b. right colic artery
c. branches from appendicular artery
d.middle colic artery
e. none of the above
ANSWER: A
NOTE: The arterial supply of the cecum is from the ileocolic artery, the terminal branch of the SMA.
88. which of the following regarding appendix is false:
a. its 6-10 cm in length
b. It arises from the posteromedial aspect of the cecum
c. appendicular artery, supplies it
d. none
ANSWER: D
NOTE: It arises from the posteromedial aspect of the cecum inferior to the ileocecal junction.
89. . POSTERIORLY, caecum is related to the following Except:
a. posteriorly abdominal wall
b. femoral nerve
c. greater omentum
d. lateral cutaneous nerve
ANSWER: C
NOTE: cecum usually lies within 2.5 cm of the inguinal ligament, is almost entirely enveloped by peritoneum.
90. the taeniae coli in ascending and desending colon may lie:
a. anterior, anteromedial, and anterolateral
b. anterior, posteromedial, and posterolateral
c. posterior, anteromedial, and and anterolateral
d. none
ANSWER: B
NOTE: in the transverse colon, the position of taeniae coli are posterior, superior, and anterior.
91. ascending colon may lie on the following nerve,Except:
a. renal nerve
b. illioinguinal nerve
c. iliohypogastric nerve
d. lateral cutaneous nerve of thigh
ANSWER: A
NOTE: The ascending colon is separated from the anterolateral abdominal wall by the greater omentum.
92. which of the following regarding TRANSVERSE COLON is false:
a. most mobile part of the large intestine
b. posterior to liver and fundus of gallbladder
c. attaches to the diaphragm through the phrenicocolic ligament
d. all of the above
ANSWER: D
NOTE: It crosses the abdomen from the right colic flexure to the left colic flexure, where it turns inferiorly to become the descending colon.
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